Zvinhu zvakawanda zvinodzora kuvandudzwa kwemazuvano indasitiri yemakemikari muChina

Parizvino, iyo nyowani korona pneumonia denda ine simba rakakura pahurongwa hwepasi rose hwehupfumi uye zviitiko zvehupfumi, shanduko dzakadzama muma geopolitics, uye nekuwedzera kumanikidza kuchengetedzwa kwesimba. Iko kuvandudzwa kwazvino indasitiri yemakemikari indasitiri munyika yangu yakakosha zvine hungwaru.

Munguva pfupi yapfuura, Xie Kechang, mutevedzeri wedhipatimendi weChinese Academy yeUinjiniya uye director weKiyi YeLabhoritari yeCaali Sayenzi neTekinoroji yeHurumende yeDzidzo yeTaiyuan University yeTekinoroji, akanyora chinyorwa icho indasitiri yemazuva ano yemakemikari, sechikamu chakakosha che simba sisitimu, inofanirwa "kukurudzira kugadzirwa kwesimba uye shanduko yekushandisa uye kuvaka yakachena Yakadzika-kabhoni, yakachengeteka uye inoshanda simba sisitimu" ndiyo nhungamiro yakazara, uye izvo zvakakosha zvinodiwa zve "yakachena, yakaderera-kabhoni, yakachengeteka uye inoshanda" ndizvo zvakakosha zvinodiwa yekuvandudza indasitiri yemakemikari yemarasha yemazuva ano panguva ye "chirongwa chegumi nemashanu chemakore mashanu". Iyo "vimbiso nhanhatu" basa rinoda kuti ive yakasimba simba system vimbiso yekudzoserwa kuzere kwekugadzirwa uye kurarama kurongeka uye kudzoreredza kwehupfumi hweChina.

Kumisikidzwa kwemaindasitiri emakemikari emarasha emunyika yangu anga asiri pachena

Xie Kechang akaunza kuti mushure memakore ekuvandudza, indasitiri yangu yemazuva ano yemakemikari indasitiri yafambira mberi zvakanyanya. Kutanga, chiyero chizere chiri pamberi penyika, chechipiri, danho rekuratidzira kana zvivakwa zvekugadzira zvave zvichiramba zvichivandudzwa, uye chechitatu, chikamu chakakura cheetekinoroji iri padanho repasi rose kana repamberi. Nekudaro, kuchine zvimwe zvinodzora zvinhu mukuvandudzika kwemazuva ano indasitiri yemakemikari emarasha munyika yangu.

Iko kurongeka kwekumisikidza kwekuvandudza maindasitiri hakuna kujeka. Marasha ndiro simba guru reChina simba rekuzvigutsa. Iyo nzanga haina ruzivo rweazvino indasitiri yemakemikari indasitiri uye yakasvibirira-ekupedzisira makemikari indasitiri iyo inogona kuve yakachena uye inoshanda, uye pamwe ichitsiva petrochemical indasitiri, uyezve "de-coalization" uye "kunhuwa kwemakemikari kupinduka" kuoneka, izvo zvinoita kuti China yemarasha kemikari indasitiri. yakamisikidzwa yakamisikidzwa Izvo zvave zvisina kujeka uye zvakajeka, izvo zvakakonzera kuchinjika kwesarudzo uye kunzwa kuti mabhizinesi ari kukwira "roller coaster".

Kushomeka kwemukati kunokanganisa nhanho yemakwikwi emabhizimusi. Coal chemakemikari indasitiri pachayo ine yakaderera simba mashandisirwo uye zviwanikwa shanduko kugona, uye nharaunda kuchengetedza matambudziko anokonzerwa ne "matatu marara", kunyanya emarasha kemikari yakasviba mvura, akakurumbira; nekuda kwekukosha kwehydrogen kugadzirisa (kutendeuka) kuita mune yemazuva ano yemakemikari makemikari tekinoroji, kunwa mvura uye kabhoni emesi kwakakwira; Nekuda kwenhamba huru yezvigadzirwa zvepuraimari, kusakwana kwakakwana kwezvigadzirwa zvakanatswa, zvakasiyana, uye zvine hunyanzvi zasi, mukana wekuenzanisa weiyi indasitiri haisi pachena, uye kukwikwidza hakuna kusimba; Nekuda kweiyi gap muhunyanzvi hwekubatanidzwa uye manejimendi manejimendi, mutengo wechigadzirwa wakakwira, uye kugona kwese kunoramba kuri Kuvandudza nezvimwe

Mamiriro ekunze anotadzisa budiriro yeindasitiri. Mutengo wePetroleum uye kupihwa, kugona kwechigadzirwa uye musika, kupihwa zviwanikwa uye mutero, mari yechikwereti uye kudzoka, kugona kwezvakatipoteredza uye kushandiswa kwemvura, girinihausi uye kudzikisira kusvibiswa zvinhu zvese zvekunze zvinokanganisa kuvandudzwa kwenyika yangu yemakemikari indasitiri. Izvo chete kana zvakakwiririsa zvinhu mune dzimwe nguva uye mamwe matunhu haana kungotadzisa zvakanyanya kukura kwehutano hwemakemikari indasitiri, asi zvakare kwakadzora zvakanyanya hupfumi hunopesana nenjodzi kugona kweakaumbwa maindasitiri.

Inofanirwa kugadzirisa kugona kwehupfumi uye kugona-kupokana nenjodzi

Kuchengetedzwa kwesimba inyaya yakazara uye zvine hungwaru zvine chekuita nekusimudzira hupfumi nehupfumi hweChina. Tatarisana neyakaomarara epamba uye epasi rose ekuvandudza nharaunda, yekuvandudza kwesimba kweChina kunoda kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwekubvisa zvakasvibisa matekinoroji, akawanda akashatisa matekinoroji ekudzora, uye kurapwa kwemvura yakasviba. Zero-emission tekinoroji uye "marara matatu" mashandisirwo emashandisirwo emichina, kuvimba nemapurojekiti ekuratidzira kuti aite maindasitiri nekukurumidza, uye panguva imwechete, zvichibva pamamiriro ekunze, nzvimbo yemvura uye kugona kwevhu ivhu, nesainzi kuendesa marasha simba kemikari indasitiri. Kune rimwe divi, zvakafanira kumisikidza nekuvandudza marasha-akavakirwa simba nemakemikari yakachena yekugadzira zviyero uye zvine chekuita nedziviriro kwezvakatipoteredza marongero, kugadzirisa yakachena kugadzirwa manejimendi sisitimu yekubvumidzwa kweprojekiti, yakazara-maitiro manejimendi uye mushure mekuongorora, kujekesa mabasa ekutarisira, gadzira hurongwa hwekuzvidavirira, uye tungamira uye gadzirisa simba remarasha-rakachena Kuvandudza kweindasitiri yemakemikari.

Xie Kechang akataura kuti maererano neakaderera-kabhoni budiriro, zvinodikanwa kujekesa izvo marasha-based simba kemikari indasitiri inogona uye isingaite mukuderedza kabhoni. Kune rimwe divi, zvinodikanwa kuti ushandise zvakazara zvakanakira yeakakwira-kukosheswa CO ne-chigadzirwa mukuita kwemarasha-based simba kemikari indasitiri uye nekushingairira kuongorora CCUS tekinoroji. Yepamberi kutumirwa kweiyo yepamusoro-inoshanda CCS uye yekucheka-kumucheto kutsvagisa uye kusimudzira kweCCUS matekiniki akadai CO mafashama uye CO-kune-olefin kuwedzera kushandiswa kweEC zviwanikwa; kune rimwe divi, hazvigoneke "kukanda mumbeva" nekuregeredza maitiro eiyo marasha-akavakirwa simba kemikari yakakwira-kabhoni indasitiri, uye kutitadzisa Iyo yesainzi kuvandudza kwesimbi-yakavakirwa simba kemikari indasitiri inoda kuvhiringidza matekinoroji kutyora kuburikidza nehunhu hwekudzora kudonhedza panobva uye kuchengetedza simba uye kugadzirisa mashandiro, uye kunetesa yakakwira kabhoni hunhu hwemarasha-akavakirwa simba makemikari indasitiri.

Panyaya yebudiriro yakachengeteka, hurumende inofanirwa kujekesa kukosha kwakakosha uye kuiswa kwemaindasitiri emakemikari emagetsi emarasha se "ibwe rekutsigira" rekuchengetedza simba kwenyika yangu, uye nekutora nomoyo kwakachena nekuvandudza budiriro nekushandiswa kwemarasha senzvimbo basa rekutanga rekushandurwa kwesimba nekusimudzira. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinodikanwa kutungamira kuumbwa kwesimba-rakavakirwa simba uye makemikari ekuronga marongero marongero, kutungamira zvinokanganisa hunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvinhu, uye kurongeka kusimudzira simba remarasha-rine simba nemakemikari maindasitiri kuti zvishoma nezvishoma vawedzere kusimudzira kuratidzira, kushambadzira zvine mwero uye kuzere kwemaindasitiri; gadzira akakodzera vimbiso yezvehupfumi neyemari marongero ekuvandudza Implementation hupfumi uye kukwikwidza kwemabhizinesi, kuumba imwe chiyero chemafuta uye gasi simba rekutsiva kugona, uye kugadzira nzvimbo yakanaka yekunze kusimudzira yazvino marasha emakemikari indasitiri.

Panyaya yekusimudzira-kugona, zvinofanirwa kushandira mukuita kwekutsvagisa uye kwemaindasitiri ekushandisa emhando yepamusoro-yemarasha-based simba kemikari tekinoroji yakadai seyakananga synthesis ye olefins / aromatics, coal pyrolysis uye gasification kusangana, uye nekuona kubuda kwesimba kuchengetedza uye kushandiswa kwekushandisa; zvine simba kusimudzira marasha-based energy makemikari indasitiri uye Iyo yakasanganiswa kukura kwesimba nemamwe maindasitiri, ichiwedzera iyo maindasitiri cheni, ichiburitsa yepamusoro-magumo, hunhu, uye yepamusoro-kukosha makemikari, uye kugadzirisa hupfumi kugona, njodzi kuramba uye kukwikwidza; kudzamisa manejimendi emagetsi-ekuchengetedza mikana, ichitarisa mukusimudzira matekinoroji ekuchengetedza magetsi senge yakadzika-chikamu chekupisa magetsi ekushandisa matekinoroji, Marasha-anoponesa uye ekuchengetedza mvura matekinoroji, gonesa maitiro tekinoroji, uye nekuvandudza mashandisirwo emagetsi ekushandisa. (Meng Fanjun)

Chinjana kubva: China Viwanda Nhau


Post nguva: Jul-21-2020